Covid-19: US cases surge but vaccine distribution is slow
نویسندگان
چکیده
The age-associated alteration in expression levels of carboxylesterases (CESs) can affect both intestinal and hepatic first-pass metabolism after oral administration xenobiotic esters such as prodrugs. In this study, the age-related CES isozymes hydrolase activities were simultaneously investigated liver, jejunum, ileum from 8-, 46-, 90-week-old rats. Rat liver expresses three major CES1 isozymes, Hydrolase A, B, C, well one minor (Egasyn) CES2 (RL4, AY034877, D50580). mRNA protein decreased an age-dependent manner, while those CESs maintained all age groups. activity for temocapril was accompanied by downregulation B/C mRNA, age-independent hydrolysis propranolol derivatives observed rat due to contribution Egasyn. small intestine (RL4) four (Hydrolase Egasyn, AY034877). Interestingly, RL4 age-dependently increased jejunum ileum, showed a constant across wide range. up-regulation with aging led increase derivatives. Consequently, changes xenobiotics intestine.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: BMJ
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0959-8138']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n42